Bosh the Rightful Free Essays

Goals of Education

Ani Antonyan Goals of Education has been assuming a fairly significant job in the advancement of humankind since the beginning of mankind. It has sat back periods and, therefore, through various modes. Indeed, even rulers and sovereigns of dull occasions connected extraordinary significance to instruction as in it they saw the fate of their countries. We likewise ought to acknowledge what an extraordinary job it plays in our lives and later on for our countries.In actuality training is basic for each person to build up its character and discover its place in the general public, in the interim, as we probably am aware, every general public and country, comprises of people , in this way it is huge for progress of nations also. Taught individuals are increasingly sure and regularly comprehend what they need from this life. Training assists with framing character and create character. It shapes basic reasoning , and expository capacities which are considerable for every individual who ne eds to accomplish statures .The more you study, the more you have to examine , subsequently an interminable procedure of learning begins. While you study your cerebrum is working. What's more, this is the promise of remaining youthful and enthusiastic. After all let’s not overlook that it gives us exceptional capability to secure positions and gain our living. Instructed individuals are required in every circle of life and its absolutely impossible out without them, since they can show proficient treatment.It is a general information that the entire comprises of parts. A similar way the general public comprises of people, who live, work and impart inside the extents of that society . Along these lines the many taught individuals structure the bit of society the more it is inclined to progress. That’s why such a significant number of governors are worried to have taught age who will commendably value the legacy they have and add to it advancements so as to leave it for next, ideally progressively instructed generation.Thus , the fundamental objectives of training are helping individuals to be increasingly proficient and fearless and keep the cerebrum in sound condition . Having gotten commendable instruction you can fundamentally be helpful to your nation and such individuals as you. Additionally, being taught you have more prospects to get a decent line of work and to give a beneficial living to yourself and your family. At long last let’s remember that it is intriguing to speak with an individual who’s instructed. Along these lines, it is difficult to overlook the importance of training.

How to Calculate the Cost of Your Cash Advance

How to Calculate the Cost of Your Cash Advance How to Calculate the Cost of Your Cash Advance How to Calculate the Cost of Your Cash AdvanceThere are many great ways to use a credit card, but taking out a cash advance is NOT  one of them!Using a credit card can  be a very smart decision if you do so responsibly.  In fact, there are actually many  benefits to sensible credit card utilization: you can use them to up  a bad credit score,  earn cash back and signup bonus rewards, and even finance  major purchases without interest during introductory periods.However, credit cards can be a double-edged sword.  One side  has  the ability to pull you out of a bad credit slump and improve your financial life, and the other can tank your credit score, and put you in a cycle of debt that could take years to get out of. It all depends on how you use it!According to the Federal Reserve of New York, total U.S. credit card debt rose by $26 billion in 2017s fourth quarter and is currently sitting at a whopping $834 billion. Thats a lot of debt on a lot of credit cards!And OH BOY are there  q uite a few ways to use a credit card poorly, as many Americans know all too well.  While we  all know that racking up a balance you cant pay off and maxing out your cards is bad for your financial health, one of the  most expensive  things you can do with a credit cardâ€"taking  out a cash advanceâ€"isnt usually the first thing that comes to mind when you think of irresponsible credit card habits.But the reality is, credit card cash advances  can cost you some serious coin.What is a cash advance?A cash advance can  mean  several different things.First, there are cash advance loans, which are essentially payday loans by another name. These short-term, high-interest, no credit check loans are offered by many predatory lenders looking to make a buck off your back.In order to get one, youll typically write a check to  the lenderâ€"dated on your next paydayâ€"for the amount of your loan plus interest, and in exchange, the lender will give you the cash you need.On your next payday, the le nder will cash your check, and if you dont have enough money in the bank to let that check go through, youll be stuck in a rollover cycle of debt, paying insanely high interest rates on whats typically a relatively small amount of money.Second, there are employer cash advances. Not all employers offer them, but if yours does, you can request to receive a portion of your paycheck early. These kinds of cash advances typically dont carry any interest, as youre only getting money thats yours a few weeks before you normally would.In contrast, credit card cash advances are a whole different beast  and a pricey one at that.  While not quite as expensive as taking out a cash advance loan, credit card cash advances come with often hidden fees and interest.Essentially, when you take out a credit card cash advance, youre using your credit card in the same way you would a debit card. You can go to an ATM or bank, and use your credit card to withdraw cash.The difference between using a debit car d to get cash and using a credit card to get cash? When you use a debit card, the money youre taking out is already yours.  But when you use a credit card to get a cash advance, that money isnt coming from your bank account.Every single  time you use a credit card, you are taking out a small loan from your credit card company. If you pay back those loans in full every month, you can usually avoid paying interest on them.But you cant avoid paying interest on a cash advance.How much does a cash advance cost?Not every credit card company allows cash advances, and for those that do, the rates can vary wildly. According to the New York Times, the average  APR for a cash advance  hovers at  around 24 percent,  nearly 10 points higher than the average rate for a regular credit card purchase, which is around 16 percent.Additionally, while most credit cards offer a grace period in which you can pay off your balance without paying any interest on it, there is no grace period on a credit card cash advance. Interest will begin incurring the moment you take out the cash and will continue to build until you pay it back in full.On top of all this, theres often a flat fee associated with credit card cash advances â€" typically  around  3 percent of the total amount you take out. That means if you take out a $1,000 cash advance, youll be paying an additional $30 in fees, on top of the interest that immediately starts accruing.Lets go further with that hypothetical $1,000 cash advance. Lets say the APR for cash advances on your card is 24 percent, and the flat fee is 3 percent. If it takes you a month to pay back your cash advance, youll be paying a total of $1,050 when all is said and done. Youre paying $50 for the privilege of having cash on hand, a high price to pay, no matter how  convenient it is.If youd just made that $1,000 purchase on your credit card and paid it back within the grace period,  that $50 would still be in your pocket, waiting to be put into savings, or sp ent on a nice dinner out.How do I calculate the total cost of my cash advance?Want to calculate how much a cash advance would cost you? Your first step is going to be pulling out your credit card contract, and locating the interest and fees your lender charges for a cash advance. Once you find that information,  plug it into this equation:Your monthly interest owed  = ((the amount youre borrowing x  (APR/100))/365) + the flat feeIn the case of the $1,000 cash advance with the 24 percent APR, it would look like this:$1,000 x  .24 = $240, or the total amount of interest youd pay on this if it took you a year to pay it back.240/365 = $0.65, or the total amount of interest youre paying on this cash advance every day you dont pay it back.So, if you took a week to pay back this $1,000 cash advance, it would cost you $4.60 in interest ($0.657), and $30 for the flat fee. In total, youd be paying $1,034.60 on that $1,000 cash advance.Is there ever a good time to take out a credit card cash a dvance?In short, no. If you need cashâ€"ike, actual paper cashâ€"right now, there are typically a few other options you should explore before heading over to the nearest ATM with your credit card in tow.Instead, consider using a digital payment app like Cash App, Venmo, or Paypal to send people money instead of paying them in cash. In this new modern world, even farmers and flea market vendors  very often take digital payments.If you find yourself frequently needing paper bills, make sure to take out a portion of your paycheck in cash whenever you deposit it. That way you wont have to pay ATM or cash advance fees when you head out to your favorite cash-only tapas place.Even writing a check and taking it to a check-cashing store is a better option than taking out a credit card cash advance. Youll still have to pay a fee to get your cash, but you wont be charged any interest.If you find yourself in an emergency situation where a cash advance is your only option,  just remember to do t he math first. Calculate exactly how much this cash advance is going to cost you, and budget out ways to pay it back as quickly as possible.In general, you deserve better than a costly cash advance.To learn more about the dangers of predatory lending, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:Tax Refund Anticipation Loans Are More Dangerous Than You ThinkYour Guide to Cash Advance Scams5 Alarming Payday Loan StatisticsHow much does a cash advance cost on your credit card? Let us know!  You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

How The Holocaust Happened - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3223 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/04/26 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Holocaust Essay Did you like this example? History has many common themes; persecution, genocide and discrimination are just a few of them. The Holocaust is one event that intertwines these three themes. The Jewish people have been persecuted numerous times throughout history. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How The Holocaust Happened" essay for you Create order There have also been genocides that killed as many or more people as the Holocaust, such as; the depopulation of the USSR under Stalin between 1929-1939 that claimed approximately 20 million lives, or the killing of the North and South American Indians in the 16th century that claimed 100 million lives. Six million Jewish men, women and children died in the Holocaust. Anti semitism was not unique to 20th Century Germany. Throughout history in Egypt, in the Roman Empire, and all throughout Europe and the Middle East, the Jews were at the very least not wanted and at the most persecuted for being who they are. The Holocaust, if put in all these contexts, is not unique. However there is one circumstance that only the Holocaust had. As Steven T. Katz says in his book, The Holocaust in Historical Context, The Holocaust is phenomenologically unique by virtue of the fact that never before has a state set out, as a matter of intentional principle and actualized policy, to annihilate physical ly every man, women, and child belonging to a specific people. The Holocaust was the first time in history an organized government tried to completely exterminate a group of people. How could something like the Holocaust be allowed to happen? How could a young European country in the midst of a world war create an incredible killing machine? There are a number of unique and not so unique circumstances that led to the Holocaust. The Holocaust was a tipping point of anti semitic attitudes throughout Germany and Europe as a whole that was possible because of the rise to power of an autocratic leader in a country desperate for change. The Holocaust wasnt the first time the Jewish people had been persecuted. Just about everywhere they went throughout history, Jews were persecuted for being different. They were a monotheistic people in a world where polytheism was the norm. They engaged in strange customs and traditions that confused outsiders. The Jews also refer to themselves as The Chosen People so it can be assumed that other groups took offense to a group of people blatantly saying that they are better than others. Some of the earliest recorded persecution of the Jews occurred in ancient Egypt, where they were slaves until the Exodus. When they lived under Alexander the Greats rule, they were discouraged from practicing their religion because it made them different from the other populations Alexander conquered. This went against Alexanders dream of uniformity for his kingdom. When Jesus of Nazareth died, it was a common myth that it was the will of a Jewish committee. This myth persists in many to this day, de spite the fact that the Catholic Church officially disavowed that belief in 1965. Eventually, when Christianity became the official religion of Rome in 323 AD, Jews living in the Roman empire were persecuted and ridiculed for following their dated religion. Over time the Jewish people spread throughout Europe. They moved to places such as Spain, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Hungary, and others. However, in many of their new homes, they were not entirely welcome. It was not uncommon for Jewish people to be ran out of towns in France and Germany, although some towns were more welcoming than others. People would accuse them of killing the messiah and question their practicing of certain customs. Places where they did receive some solace, however, was Poland and Russia. The local leaders there saw that the Jewish populations, despite their beliefs and customs, built shops, traded, and helped the villages and towns economically. They remained all over Europe, however there were high er concentrations of Jews in Eastern Europe. Throughout the years, peoples dislike for Jews was limited to blaming them for the death of Jesus of Nazareth, disagreements in their customs and beliefs, and the perception that they always had more money than non-Jews. This began to change in the mid 1800s when a German linguist coined the term Semite. This term in and of itself was just a term for people of a language background that contained more languages than just those of Romantic and Germanic origin. However, the linguist also attributed the qualities of exclusivity and egoism to semites. This same linguist also attributed the qualities of tolerance and altruism to speakers of Indo-European languages. Although the the definition of semite does not specify Jewish people, it was widely understood that if one used the term, they were referring to Jews. Around the same time, Charles Darwin and and Herbert Spencer were publishing their ideas and research about survival of the most adaptable and survival of the strongest, respect ively. Herbert Spencers ideas of survival of the strongest would become the basis for Social Darwinism. Social Darwinism was the idea that groups of people, whether it be racial groups or otherwise, would undergo the same processes of natural selection as other living things. The beliefs that semites were inferior to Indo-Europeans and Social Darwinism together provided the basis for anti-Jewish racism in Germany and Europe as a whole Many post-enlightenment thinkers were secular. As a result, they were ideologically opposed to the conservative and religious nature of the Jews. Many adopted these racist beliefs that had already been laid out by prior thinkers, but wanted to deepen them even more. They began to use imagery of blood and inheritance when talking about Jews, things that make a Jewish person inherently different than a non-Jew. Blood couldnt be changed and was inherited. They said that Jews were subhuman, many comparing them to rats or other beasts. As the hatred for Jews grew in Germany, this increasingly scientific community found the need for a more scientific name for Jew hatred. The current term, Judenhass (directly translating to Jew hatred), was, Unclean. Many desired a term that didnt include the word Jew in it at all. Eventually, they coined a new, scientific sounding term: Anti semitism. To add on to historic anti semitism, Germanys economy wasnt in the best shape after World War I. Due to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, the national debt Germany had accumulated fighting the war, demobilizing their army, converting to a peacetime economy, and supporting veterans and widows, Germany experienced a high amount of unemployment and inflation. By 1923 the German currency wasnt even worth the paper it was printed on, with the exchange rate being 4.2 trillion reichsmark to one dollar. By 1932, when Germany was on the brink of a depression, the unemployment rate had reached a staggering 32%. The reparations Germany faced after the war didnt help these issues either. The Allies expected the Germans to pay 12.5 billion in reparations, with the estimated payback period to be between 17 and 36 years. In addition to war reparations, the German government also owed its own people 41.5 billion in war bonds. Between 1918 and 1931, Germanys debt amounted to 38% of the countrys total national income. In 1922 Germany collected only one fifth of its budget outlays. Germany had a gigantic debt over its head a lot of difficulty trying to pay it. They couldnt raise taxes out of fear for a revolution, and they couldnt borrow money because no one would loan to a government already in so much debt. Germany also couldnt export its goods because tariffs made them too expensive. The only thing they could do in the first ten or so years after the war was print more money. The shambles that Germany was left in following World War I allowed a radical political party with a hate filled leader to rise to power. It can be argued that the a key factor to the Holocaust was Adolf Hitler himself. After fighting in World War 1, an antisocial Hitler did his best to stay out of the general population. He enlisted as a propaganda officer in Munich, the Bavarian capital of Germany. During this time, he realised, ironically, that he had a knack for public speaking. He continued to develop this skill while he remained enlisted with the army. When he was eventually discharged in 1920, he joined the National Socialist Party. At the time, it was just a fringe far left wing political party with no real power. Hitler began to speak at their rallies and drew bigger and bigger audiences with his speeches. In less than a year, he had worked his way up to leader of the party. He continued to give political speeches, and by 1923 the Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party h ad 55,000 members. In these speeches, Hitler would often ask for support from the Bavarian Government to help him overthrow the current democratic government in Berlin. Unfortunately for Hitler, they largely ignored these requests. One day, Hitler found a number of Bavarian leaders having a meeting in a beer hall. Hitler then proceeded to hold them at gunpoint with the help of some members of the Nationalist Socialist Party and demand that they help him march on Berlin and install him as leader of Germany. They played along with him up until one of the Nationalist Socialists mistakenly let them out of the beer hall. They then rescinded their offer to help Hitler, and Hitler was charged with the crime of high treason. Lucky for Hitler, the judge that would be presiding over the trial was Georg Neithardt, who was known for his contempt for the current German Republic. Georg heavily favored Hitler during the trial, often allowing him to go on lengthy political tirades whilst ignoring pleas for objections from the state prosecutors. This trial was widely covered in the German media due to the severity of the crime and the fact that Hitler was already locally famous. This trial put him into headlines for the duratio n of the trial, and made his name a household one. At the end of the trial, Georg only sentenced Hitler to a meager 5 years in prison. Hitler would only end up serving 13 months of those 5 years due to his good behavior during his stay. However, those 13 months were long enough to finish an autobiographical book by the name of Mein Kampf (Or My Struggle in English). Mein Kampf explained where his anti semitism came from as well as described his future plans for Germany. Although he released this book on his release from prison, it didnt become a bestseller until after he rose to power. Upon his release, Hitler gained many followers who believed that he was the change that Germany needed. He continued to give his speeches and he continued to generate more and more membership for the Nazi party. Curious to find out why the members of the Nazi party supported the party, an American sociologist traveled to Germany and hosted an essay writing contest. He challenged Nazi party members to write essays describing why they supported the party and Hitler, with the top essays receiving a cash prize. After receiving and reading the essays, the sociologist found that the three major themes were the sense of national community the party gave them, the idea of a strict chain of command and leadership structure, and anti semitism. With their growing support and the lack of public support for the current German Republic, it was only a matter of time until the Nazis took control. Germany during the 1930s was transformed into a National Socialist state. The Nazi party in Germany was a combination of fascism with anti semitism and a rallying of the working class. In 1933 Hitler became the chancellor of Germany, and in the subsequent years to come he would further increase his power. Also in 1933 The Enabling Act went into law, allowing Hitler to pass laws without the interference of the German Parliament. By 1934 Hitler governed as the exclusive leader of Germany and as the Fuhrerprinzip. Being the Fuhrerprinzip meant that Hitler and only Hitler spoke for the German people and that only he truly knew what was best for them. Under this principle, Hitler was supposed to have supreme unrestricted power and the commands he gave and decisions he made were to be treated as laws. Overall, the principles of the Nazi party were greatly shaped by Hitlers own world view. Hitler believed that racial hierarchies were real and valuable. He thought that some races were inhere ntly better than others and that those races that were better, had a duty to rule over the lesser races. In Hitlers eye the supreme race was the Aryan race. Aryans were tall, strong, beautiful, blonde haired, blue eyed people from the northern area of Europe. Hitler believed that in the German nation had a duty to protect the Aryan race and instill them into power over other races. This was very ironic because Hitler and many of the Nazi party members were about as far from members of the Aryan race as someone could get. Another principle the Nazis and Hitler believed in was rebuilding the German nation and enhancing its power. Hitler and the Nazis believed that war was both a positive and beneficial force, and that the Germans should become powerful enough to win any war against its racial enemies. Hitler also wanted to deal with the Jewish threat. Hitler actually believed that the Jewish people were the true enemies and that every misfortune that had occured was their fault. Hitler wasnt the only German politician that tried to blame the Jews for the countrys problems. In 1916 the German high command tried to say that Germany was unable to win the war because Jews were avoiding the draft. So they initiated the Jew Count. What this count actually found was that Jews were actually overrepresented in the military. There were actually 100,000 Jews in the army, 80,000 in combat, 35,000 decorated and 12,000 dead. When the German High Command received these figures they were disappointed and sealed the results, allowing fake results to be printed by the media. Another manifestation of anti semitism occurred in 1935 in the form of the Nuremberg laws. These laws were unanimously passed by the Reichstag and limited the freedoms of German Jews. These laws included rules prohibiting marriage between and extramarital sex between Jews and non Jews. These laws also prohibited Jewish children from attending German schools, and banned Jewish teachers from teaching. This segregation turned the Jews into outcasts in German society, and made life as a Jew even more difficult than it already was. Another factor culminating in the Holocaust was human nature. There have been numerous psychological studies that have tried to make sense out of how everyday people could allow the Holocaust to happen. Surely not every person in Germany or every person who participated in the Holocaust was a Nazi or a radical anti semite? The answer to that question lies in human nature. In 1963 Stanley Milgram conducted his famous obedience experiment to try and understand how the German people could allow and or participate in the Holocaust. The participants in the experiments were the teachers who had to teach the learner word pairs. The learner was thought by the participant to be another participant, but was actually a confederate of the experiment. For every word pair the learner got wrong, the participant was supposed to administer an electric shock to the learner ranging from 15 volts, a slight shock, to 375 volts, a severe shock to 450, labeled a lethal shock. The aim of the experiment was to see how far a normal person was willing to go in obeying instructions if those instructions were to harm another person. When Milgram first designed the experiment he hypothesized that only 1-3% of participants would administer the lethal shock. However after repeating the experiment 18 times the results showed the 65% of people would administer the lethal shock if they werent responsible for the learner. In other words, if the administerer of the experiment claimed responsibility for the well being of the person receiving the shock, the participant would more often than not deliver a lethal shock. Also when there was a second teacher in the room that the participant could instruct to administer shocks, 92.5 of participants would administer the 450 volt shock. What the Milgram experiment showed was that when people arent held responsible for their actions or when the harm their causing isnt very personal, almost anyone is capable of doing awful things. The fact that almost anyone is capable of doing awful things isnt to say that the people who participated in the experiments were bad people. What it does reveal though is that humans tend to obey authority figures. More evidence to support these ideas comes in Christopher Brownings book Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland. In this book Browning follows the men of Reserve Police Battalion 101 who were by every account ordinary men. These men were not killers by nature, before the war they were just regular citizens, business owners, doctors, lawyers, etc. They werent all extremely anti semitic, most werent even members of the Nazi party. These men participated in the Holocaust for a number of reasons. Some were anti semitic, some participated because o f peer pressure, some because they didnt want to seem like lesser men and some participated because they feared they wouldnt have a career with the police after the war if they didnt. They also participated because there was no open objection to what was going on. No one was speaking out against what was happening. Some people found ways to avoid participation but they never tried to stop anyone else from participating. Another reason why it was easy for these men to participate in the Holocaust was because they werent killing day in and day out. Yes, the men of Reserve Police Battalion 101 did kill Jews and even massacre the elderly and women and children, but that wasnt part of their day to day affairs. Most of the time these men were rounding up Jews in Ghettos and shipping them to concentration camps. The only killing done in the Ghettos was of those who couldnt make it to the trains, and the majority of that killing was done by the Hiwis, the ones who did actually enjoy killing . Over time some men in the battalion did come to like killing but they didnt start out that way. The men of Reserve Police Battalion 101 were products of their situation and of human nature. put in their shoes, most people who probably act as they did. References: Bauer, Yehuda, and Nili Keren. A History of the Holocaust Revised Edition. New York, NY: Franklin Watts, 2001. Browning, Christopher R. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland. New York: Harper Perennial, 1992. Hayes, Peter. Why? Explaining the Holocaust. New York, NY: W.W. Norton Company, 2017. Hughes, Michael J. Fascists States That Rose During the Interwar Period. Class Lecture, History 368: Europe in the Contemporary World, Iona College, New Rochelle, New York, November 8, 2018. Katz, Steven T. The Holocaust in Historical Context, The Holocaust and Mass Death Before the Modern Age. Vol. 1. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1994. McLeod, Saul. The Milgram Experiment. Simplypsychology. 2017. McMillian, Dan. How Could This Happen, Explaining the Holocaust. New York, NY: Basic Books, 2014. Riley, Karen L. A History of The Holocaust. OAH Magazine of History, Teaching and Learning About Religion, 6, no. 3 (Winter 1992): 41-46.

The Life and Poetry of Amiri Baraka Essay - 905 Words

The Life and Poetry of Amiri Baraka To understand that you are black in a society where black is an extreme liability is one thing, but to understand that it is the society that is lacking and impossibly deformed, and not yourself, isolates you even more (About 3). This is a direct quote from Baraka, and it outlines his beliefs well. History and society have always influenced Amiri Baraka, and this made him feel as though society was isolating the Black community. Throughout his life, Baraka has tried to teach the idea of equality among races and classes by way of his poetry, plays, and speeches. His concept of equality came from his experiences while growing up during the time of the Civil Rights Movement. He held three†¦show more content†¦He then moved to Greenwich Village, and joined with the likes of Allen Ginsburg, Charles Olson, and Frank OHara. These artists, musicians, and writers were known as the Beat Generation (Baraka 1). During this time, Leroy had his works recognized by literary giant, L angston Hughes. He was also given an award for his off-Broadway play, Dutchman. On October 13, 1958, he married Hettie Cohen, a middle-class Jewish woman with whom he co-edited a magazine (Amiri 1). With his new reputation as a writer, he opened the Black Arts Repertory Theatre/School (BART/S) on April 30, 1965. The idea was to open a channel between the black artists and the masses. Even though the life of the BART/S was short, the idea spread across the nation (BARTS 1). When his theater failed to stay open, he began to distance himself from white society. In 1965, with the assassination of Malcolm X, this hatred was solidified. From this point, Baraka took Malcolms view of Black Nationalism. It was a view of equality, even through militant means (Young 3). The man who buried Malcolm X gave Leroy the Muslim name, Ameer Baraka, and later Ron Karenga, perhaps one of the strongest voices in the Black Nationalist Movement, changed Ameer to Amiri (Young 3). With his new name , and his new values, Baraka divorced Hettie and abandoned his children, leaving them for Newark. He then married Sylvia Robinson, who changed her name to Amina Baraka (Amiri 1). InShow MoreRelatedEssay about Binaries and Identities in Amiri Barakas Dutchman1242 Words   |  5 PagesIn Amiri Baraka’s Dutchman, the binary between black and white people embeds itself into the characters on the subway. Lula, who incorporates her image with control and deception through her white skin, represents one significant driving force. Clay, who faces manipulation from the oppressive white presence of Lula and the others on the train, has to step up and become an opposing force. Throughout these characters transformations from individuals to powers, they express a combination of double consciousnessRead MoreThe Black Of Black Arts Movement Essay2194 Words   |  9 Pagesideology that was developed from many Black Americans who desired self-determination and separation from the white co mmunity. Several of the artists who contributed to the Black Arts Movement included, but is not limited to, Leroi Jones, also known as Amiri Baraka, Larry Neal, Nikki Giovanni, and Sonia Sanchez. They sought to create art that spoke directly to the issues, needs, aspirations and sociopolitical rights of Black Americans. Overall, this movement is one of the most influential movements in regardsRead More The Black Arts Movement Essay1720 Words   |  7 Pagesproliferated through community institutions, theatrical performance, literature, and music. 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Free Finance Essay Royal Bank of Scotland Crisis Free Essays

string(88) " and failure during the credit crisis can be attributed to its acquisition of ABN Amro\." 1.INTRODUCTION The need for banks and financial institutions to grow beyond their normal businesses of accepting deposits and providing loans, into global giants that are diverse and often engage in sophisticated practices has been embedded as the pure nature of capitalism and market liberalisation. In the most recent decade, most global economies and organizations enjoyed unprecedented growth on the back of trade liberalisation and increasing financial services sophistication. We will write a custom essay sample on Free Finance Essay: Royal Bank of Scotland Crisis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The need for these organizations to grow led to unscrupulous practices such as risky loans, high bonuses and reckless investments, together with high leveraged practices, all of which have been recognised as the major reasons why these institutions were hugely exposed to the financial crisis. Banks were the most affected, primarily because they were one of the major starters. They engaged in risky lending to businesses and individuals, invested in securities backed by subprime assets, and expanded like they intended to take over the world – mostly with leveraged funding and customer deposits. If they had not invested so rigorously in these risky securities, a huge number of those banks that were bankrupted or needed government bailout would have still been standing. They had to write down huge consumer and business loans that were defaulted, and also write down on the value of collateralized debt obligations they had in their portfolio. This led to huge losses, and depletion o f capital reserves that prompted the intervention of the government in a huge number of global banking businesses. This essay therefore aims to analyse the effects of the economic crisis on RBS Group, parent company of Royal Bank of Scotland, and NatWest. The group’s financial, operating and investment activities would be analysed in this study, with the aim of establishing the reasons why they fell the way they did compared to other UK banks, what could have been done better to alleviate such heavy losses, and what they could do now to repay government shareholding, and renew customer and investor confidence. A background of the bank’s operations and investment activities would be outlined in the following chapter, followed by an analysis of what went wrong, its effect, steps that have been taken to alleviate such effects. Then finally an analysis of the bank’s current state compared to its rivals, and the effects of macroeconomic and industrial factors on its current and future operations. 2.BACKGROUND – ROYAL BANK OF SCOTLAND The Royal Bank of Scotland group is a British banking and insurance holding company based in Scotland, and operating in Europe, North America and Asia-Pacific. Its main subsidiaries include the Royal Bank of Scotland, NatWest, Ulster Bank In Ireland, Citizens bank in the US, RBS Coutts, Churchill Insurance, Direct Line and Privilege (RBS, 2009). RBS currently provides banking, private banking, insurance and corporate finance solutions to over 40 million customers worldwide (25 million in the UK) and 1 million small businesses. In terms of Group market share, RBS Group is currently the second largest provider of current accounts to customers in the UK (Mintel, 2009). Prior to the 2008 sub-prime mortgage financial crisis, RBS was the world’s largest company by assets, fifth largest in the world by market capitalisation and 10th largest company in the world (Financial Times, 2009). RBS was established in 1727, and now has 2,278 branches and 118 business centres in the UK alone (RBS, 2009). RBS’ revenue and PBT has grown consistently, up until 2007 where it recorded a record turnover and PBT of ?32.3 billion and ?9.9 billion respectively. However, following write-downs on recent acquisitions and losses suffered during financing activities, RBS posted the greatest ever loss by a British company of ?34.5 billion profit after tax in 2008 (RBS Financials, 2009). 3.ANALYSIS OF RECENT ACTIVITIES RBS Group has grown over the years through a series of acquisition and expansion across several market places in the UK, US, Europe and Asia Pacific. The organization expanded into new markets and increased market share through organic growth and acquisition. Its major US acquisitions were in 1998 and 2004 when the bank acquired Citizens Financial Group and Charter One Bank respectively (RBS, 2009). The bank also acquired NatWest on 11th of February 2000, when it was declared the winner of the hostile take over battle of the bank against Bank of Scotland. RBS also acquired a 10% stake in the Bank of China for ?1.7 billion in August 2005, in order to further its international expansion into Asia-Pacific markets (Gumbel, 2009). These acquisition activities in no way resulted in any shortcoming on the bank, but they even catapulted it into one of the biggest companies in the world. They made RBS a major player in the US and Asia retail and corporate banking industry, and also enabled it to leverage back office operations across the whole group. RBS had strong financials (Illustrated in figure 1). The figures show that up until 2007, its total assets, revenue and operating profit had been increasing consistently mainly as a result of these growth activities. These figures illustrate that the company was very strong and thereby never warranted a financial collapse or a takeover by the UK government. Then what went wrong? Similar to any other UK or International bank, RBS suffered impairment charges against bad loans made out to bankrupt companies such as the American conglomerate LyondellBassell (?1.5 billion), and also about ?1 billion tied down in assets in Icelandic banks and Lehman Brothers (RBS, 2009). According to the Financial Times (2009) the bank also made losses through its global banking and markets division that was responsible for investing in Bernard Madoff’s Ponzi scheme, US subprime market and also in Lehman brothers. These losses resulted in huge capital shortfalls within the bank and impairment charges of ?8,072 billion, but are still commonplace amongst other UK banks like Barclays and HSBC that made provisions of ?5,419 billion and ?24,937 billion respectively within that same year, but still made reasonable profits and paid dividends to shareholders (Reuters, 2010). A vast majority of RBS’ shortcomings, huge loss and failure during the credit crisis can be attributed to its acquisition of ABN Amro. You read "Free Finance Essay: Royal Bank of Scotland Crisis" in category "Best crisis essays" It is widely believed that RBS hugely overpaid for ABN Amro and did not get the better of the deal (Ram, 2007). In October 2007, RBS led a consortium with Belgian bank Fortis and Spanish bank Banco Santander to acquire the Dutch bank ABN Amro for ?49 billion after a failed bid from Barclays Plc. RBS claims its share of the ABN Amro acquisition was ?10 billion, which was paid for mostly with cash (Kennedy, 2009). The consortium that was made up of RBS, Santander and Fortis, carved up and parted with different divisions of the bank. While Santander made forth with ABN’s Brazilian business Banco Real, and its Italian business Anton Veneta; RBS made do with the bank’s wholesale and Investment banking division, which already had a huge number of risky assets and was most exposed to the subprime mortgage markets (Ram, 2007). RBS (2009) claimed that the acquisition would have boosted the bank into one of the formidable banking entities in the world if it acquired the right asset classes and done its due diligence. However, Griffiths (2009) believed that its subsequent failure was as a result of the exposure of ABN Amro to subprime mortgages, and the fact that the bank in itself overpaid and therefore severely depleted its capital base. However, we believe that the bank’s implicit culture of growth through acquisition is what prompted the acquisition spree, and even if the chairman – Fred Goodwin – had been forewarned about the global crisis, he may have still gone ahead of the deal. The bank’s willingness to become the world’s largest bank, has therefore catapulted it into one of the world’s greatest bank failures. 4.WHAT HAPPENED? RBS’ fate and the effects of the credit crisis on its operations did not really materialise when it began venturing on a range of capital raising and divestment activities. The company floated a ?12 billion 11-for-18 rights issue, the largest ever in the history of Banking; sold Angels Trains, its train leasing subsidiary for ?3.6 billion and a 50% stake in Tesco Personal Finance for ?950 million. All these activities were in order for the bank to shore up its capital reserves following the acquisition of ABN Amro (The Times, 2009; Duncan 2008). Hurdle (2010) stated that several investors where weary of the extent to which the bank was exposed to credit mark downs and risky assets, however since the financial results were not yet out and investors had no reason to be concerned about the state of the bank’s financials, the rights issue was fully subscribed. However on the 13th of October 2008, HM Treasury announced plans to inject an initial ?20 billion of new capital into RBS. In return, the Treasury would have a say in how the company is run, cut bonuses handed out to bankers, protect customer deposits and also help protect these banks’ toxic assets (Gumbel, 2009). RBS then intended to raise a seconds right issue of ?20 billion from investors, which was shunned as investors only took up 0.24% of the shares being offered as they were being offered at 65.5p per share and the shares were already trading on the floor at 52.7 per share (Duncan, 2008). Shareholders were also highly concerned about the potential nationalisation or ownership of the bank by the government, which would have profited the customers, but not the investors and not even the taxpayers (Gumbel, 2009). This resulted in government taking up the ?15billion that they underwrote for the issue, after initially investing ?20 billion of taxpayer funds in the bank. On t he 28th November 2008, RBS was 58% owned by the government after the unsuccessful rights issue. The fact that the government now owned 58% of the bank led to investor resentment regarding the bank, as they feared that the government would interfere in the bank’s operations and therefore prevent business as usual. However, these feelings where nothing compared to the earnings announcement on the 19th of January 2009 in which RBS expected to see write downs of ?20 billion following the purchase of ABN Amro and operating losses of over ?8 billion operating loss due to its exposure to the sub-prime market in the US. Shares fell 68.8% to 11p (Dunkley and Griffiths, 2009). The write downs associated with its acquisitions were due to the fact that the bank realised it overpaid during the acquisitions and the assets that had been paid for could never be sold for those prices, therefore confirming Ram’ (2007) allegations. Following the stock freefall and huge investor resentment, the government agreed to increase stake in RBS to 70% by converting ?5 billion in preference s hares into normal shares thereby effectively controlling the company and eliminating the compulsory dividend payments of ?500 million regardless of whether the company made money or not. Figure 2: RBS’s stock market prices from 30/01/07 – 28/01/10. Source: Reuters (2010). Most other banks, as discussed earlier also suffered impairment charges with regards to credit and exposure to subprime mortgages, however they did not necessarily need government bailout, with the exception of Lloyds TSB that was encouraged to acquire HBOS. According to an article on BBC News (2009), the acquisition of ABN Amro was regarded as â€Å"worst and most ill-time takeover in history†. By the 20th of January 2009, a day after its earnings announcement, RBS’ value dropped to ?4.5 billion from ?75 billion two years earlier (Times online, 2009). It was now worth more than half the cash it paid in the deal to buy ABN Amro. RBS’ current market value is between ?18 –?20 billion (Reuters, 2010) 5.STEPS TAKEN TO ALLEVIATE The effects of the financial crisis, especially on retail and commercial banks, really hampered consumer confidence. It was now the responsibility of the UK government to come up with schemes and plans in order to help cushion and bailout the banks, in order to prevent an overall mass resentment of the banking industry. The Asset Protection Scheme was therefore introduced in February 2008, which RBS committed to by signing up ?325 billion of toxic assets (RBS, 2009). The fact that the bank had that much toxic assets (5.5x its total shareholder equity and 13% of total assets), makes one wonder about the effectiveness of financial regulation in protecting the banks’ customers. If there was ample regulation that limited the amount of toxic assets that each bank could invest in, a much lesser percentage of toxicity could have been protected, thereby significantly affecting the UK Taxpayers (Slater and Ferreira-Marques, 2010). However Duke (2010) asserts that though these banks did engage in risky investment practices, the level of toxicity of these assets were not really known due to the sophistication of the financial system and collateralized debt securities. The scheme however helped to protect RBS’ assets against loss of future value. Signing up to the scheme effectively increased government shareholding to 84% of the bank, effectively part nationalising the bank, and leaving shareholders with only 16% shares in the company. The organization now having learnt its lesson (under the thorough supervision from the UK government) has now opted to divest a range of assets such as its 4.26% stake in Bank of China ($1.6bn), and about one fifth of its businesses, in a bid to concentrate on its core markets (Murden, 2010). Recent developments include the 3Q 2009 loss of ?2.2 billion by RBS, particularly attributed to its sale of non-core assets; recent plans to divest early from the Asset Protection Scheme and also plans to sell off its Insurance assets, commodity trading business (RBS Sempra), about 318 bank branches (Guardian, 2009) and a ?1 billion pledge to UK manufacturing companies (RBS, 2009). The following chapter would discuss the current effects of macro economic and industrial factors on the affairs within RBS. 6.MARKET AND INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Following RBS’ record loss blunder last summer, the government stake within the organisations has consistently risen from 57% following a failed rights issue, to 70% following share conversion, and now 84% following its decision to join the Asset Protection Scheme, thereby effectively part nationalising one of the world’s largest banks. Shareholder equity has been diminished to as low as 16%, and the government now have total control on the activities within the organisation. That is a severe blow for an organisation whose main aim was to deliver profits and dividends to its shareholders, now it is managed like a welfare bank, selling off international assets, being less competitive and concentrating on its core market, in which the banking industry is already matured (Duke, 2010). For all banks in developed, and even in developing countries, their affairs and future especially in the economic climate, is closely tied to government regulations. A proper illustration would be when President Obama announced plans to carve up banks, prevent them from owning hedge funds, private equity and proprietary trading desks. The shares of most banks that were engaged in these activities engaged in a freefall including that of RBS, which owns a joint venture RBS Sempra. The effect of this announcement would have meant that banks would have to carve out their investment banking divisions, which already accounts for a vast majority of profits in these organisations (Murden, 2010). The US President’s announcement is the least of RBS’ problems. It is under intense regulatory pressure both from the EU and UK, to carve out its subsidiaries and make it much more slimmer and less competitive. It is said to be a punishment for the bank due to its risky practices that warranted government bailout. However, a decision for a bank to sell strategic business units and bank branches does not come likely. It would severely impact on turnover and profits, group shared services, and its market share in those core markets. RBS is being asked to sell RBS Sempra, a JV that made a profit of a profit of over $600m in 2008 (Murden, 2010). It is also being required to sell its Asian business, its Insurance business and up to 318 bank branches, in a bid to shore up its capital and repay the UK taxpayers. These businesses are thriving and were the core of RBS’ core strategy of leadership and expansion. The sales of these assets would severely reduce the bankâ€⠄¢s assets, customer base and market share, and It may not be able to compete effectively in other markets apart from its traditional Retail and Corporate banking (Gumbel, 2009) Also, with current public outcry concerning its bonus payout, there is bound to be more trouble for the organisation with regards to recruiting and retaining high performing staff. For instance, the public is concerned that the bank wants to pay out about ?1.5 billion in bonuses, amounting to an average of ?85,000 per staff, when competitors such as Barclays and JP Morgan paying more to their staffs (Patrick, 2010). Even if the bank were government owned, curbing and paying out minimal bonuses just like this would push staff away to competitors that are able to pay competitive packages and are not government controlled. According to Johnson (2009), the bank has already lost about 1,000 staff to competitors such as Barclays last year, and could lose even more staff if the row with the government over bonuses continues. The organisation is also said to be suffering an increasing threat of credit markdowns, especially in its loans granted to Four Seasons, and also in Dubai’s real estate crisis (Slater and Ferrerira-Marques, 2010). These loan write downs reflect on the practices that the bank had always engaged in, and calls for stricter risk measures that ensures the bank faces lesser threat of write downs in the future. Apart from these measures and effects, the bank is also facing a customer crisis, in the way in which customer perceive the bank. If the bank continues to engage in credit markdowns and selling off its assets, customers may flee for more stable organisations that do not necessarily have that much government oversight. The same could be said for its employees and investors as well, with the government controlling all decisions. There are also some legal issues affecting the organisation, as some of its shareholders are suing the bank over its right issue in 2008. They attest that they were not made fully aware of the risks associated in the ABN acquisition prior to their signing up for the shares. These investors paid 200p for RBS’ shares, only for it to drastically lose about 95% of its value months later when it announced its biggest annual loss (BBC News, 2009). In terms of its industry analysis, the company is at a severe disadvantage when it comes to competitive rivalry. Due to its government ownership and uncertainty regarding its future, the company is struggling to compete for customers, employees and investors, against other formidable strong opponents like Santander, Barclays and HSBC. The bank has to sell its Insurance, private equity and over 300 branches. These would severely dent investor and employee confident and market share in a number of core markets. The bank also has to sell its transaction services business. Based on figures in Table 1 below, RBS still accounts for 18% of all current accounts in the UK, with the lowest market cap of about ?21 billion (18th January 2009). Thereby illustrating that it is still able to compete effectively in the UK market, but to what levelIf the government keeps meddling in its affairs? Current Account Market Share Market Cap (? billion) Total Assets (? billion) PAT (? million) Lloyds Banking Group 25% ?36 ?1,195 ?845 RBS Group 18% ?21 ?2,508 -?38,513 HSBC First Direct 14% ?122 ?1,736 ?6,498 Santander 14% N/A N/A N/A Barclays 13% ?36 ?2,320 ?5,287 Table 1: Market share of top UK banks. Source: Reuters (2010) The economic climate, and the government’s need for new competitors have severely reduced the barriers to entry into the banking system. It was recently announced that Blackstone Group and Virgin planned to open banks in the UK (BBC News, 2009). And guess whatThey plan to do so by hiring off staff and buying off bank branches that are being sold by RBS. The market capitalisations of most banks are less than 40% of what they were prior to the economic markdown. Even the ABN Amro that RBS bought for a large amount would not be worth that same fee now. Therefore there is a huge opportunity for start-up banks or even international banks to come into the market and compete effectively with existing players. The major suppliers to the industry now are invariable the government who are providing insurance schemes and bailout funds to RBS. The government has enormous power and has been able to exercise it repeatedly in directing the actions of the organisation. Buyers, being bank customers also are weary, and the unwillingness of customers as a whole to join the bank can severely impair the bank’s ability to attract deposits and therefore make more money by lending it to other individuals and businesses. However, the banking industry is crucial in any economy, and is needed to provide credit to businesses, therefore there is no substitute product. This means that the government may continue to support the companies for as long as necessarily, so as to increase liquidity in the economy and provide businesses with adequate loans. 7.FUTURE PROSPECTS Based on the information gathered and analysed in this study, it can be ascertained that RBS has a very bumpy road ahead. It has 84% government shareholding, and up until when it would be able to raise ?17,640 million (84% of current market cap – ?21bn), it would continue to have government oversight, and its operations, investment and financing activities would continue to be severely impeded. Its current aggressive asset sales that’s its current CEO – Stephen Hester is embarking on is more like a total opposite from the aggressive expansion strategy of former chairman – Fred Goodwin. As to whether RBS would return to profitability in the nearest future, we do not know. But the bank is still announcing credit write offs, so it doesn’t look too optimistic anytime soon. Also, its strategy of winding down businesses, would severely reduce revenue and profitability figure in the short run, but with a competitive concentration on its core market, and a number of core brands, it could still compete effectively and drive growth locally in UK and EU. However, as forecasted by Norman (2009), that would not be for a few years to come. The bank is still going to find trouble attracting and retaining staff, and its customer base may not grow as well as it used to. However this is a great opportunity for the organization to draw up a new divestment strategy that would ensure it gets rid of regulatory oversight and returns back to profitability, shareholder influence and dividend payment in the nearest future. 8.CONCLUSION RBS has shrunk in recent years, from a formidable force in global banking, to a part nationalised bank with intense regulatory oversight – that seems like punishment – from both the UK and EU regulators. The bank’s shortcomings occurred mainly as a result of its acquisition of ABN Amro, and not necessarily due to credit markdowns and subprime exposures. Its acquisition was been fuelled by a culture of aggressive growth and expansion in foreign markets, which delivered exceptional growth within those periods. With the advent of the financial crisis, and near bank failure, came a 84% shareholding lifeline by the government, and with that came an intense regulatory oversight that has severely impeded the bank’s asset base, and even promoted a de-establishment of some core and noncore businesses. These factors have impeded the bank’s competitive strength with regards to current and prospective employees, shareholders and even customers, a disadvantage that may take some years to alleviate. It is therefore recommended that the bank drafts an achievable repayment plan over the coming years for it to be rid of government shareholding and return itself to competitiveness – albeit with a new lesson learnt. 9.REFERENCES BBC NEWS (2009) RBS shares plunge on recession, www.bbc.co.uk, (accessed29/10/2009) Duke, S. (2010) Pressure on Government to slash RBS payouts after global banking retreat on bonuses, www.dailymail.co.uk, accessed: 26/01/10 Duncan, H. (2008) RBS chiefs expect 95% to take up rights issue’,www.thisislondon.co.uk. (accessed 30/10/2009) Financial TImes (2009) RBS et mon droit: HM deficits. ftalphaville,ft,com, (accessed 20/01/2009) Griffiths, K. (2009) RBS suffers biggest loss in UK history, www.telegraph.co.uk, accessed: 26/01/10 Gumbel, P. (2009) Saving Britain’s Broken Bank, Fortune, 00158259, Vol 159 (10) Howells, P. G., and Bain, K. (2005) The economics of money, banking and finance: a European text, Pearson Education, 602pp Hurdle, J. (2010) Developer sues RBS unit for $8 billion, www.reuters.com, accessed: 25/01/10 Johnson, A. (2009) RBS suffers exodus in wake of bonus threats, The Express, www.allbusiness.com, accessed: 28/01/10 Kennedy, S. (2009) The curse of the ABN Amro acquisition, www.marketwatch.com,(accessed 31/10/2009) Mintel (2009) – Current, Packaged and Premium Accounts – UK – June 2009 (accessed 20/01/2009) Murden, T. (2010) RBS sale on track despite Obama ban, www.scotlandonsunday.scotsman.com, accessed: 27/01/10 Nayeri, F. (2009) British Bank RBS Gets Ready to Peddle Its Paintings, BusinessWeek online, 12/25/2009, Norman, L. (2009) UK Defends Its Actions on Rescue of RBS, Wall Street Journal, www.online.wsj.com, accessed: 26/01/10 Patrick, M. (2010) RBS Branch Sale to Step Up A Notch As Possible Bidders Emerge, Dow Joines Newswires, www.online..wsj.com, accessed 28/01/10 Ram, V. (2007) What RBS Did Wrong, www.forbes.com. (accessed 30/10/2009) Reuters (2010) Financial Statements for RBS, Lloyds TSB, HSBC, and Barclays, www.uk.reuters.com, accessed: 25/01/10 RBS (2010) RBS/NatWest Launch $1bn Fund in Support of UK Manufacturing Sector, www.rbs.com/media/news, accessed: 25/01/10 RBS (2009) What we do, www.rbs.com/about-rbs, (accessed 20/01/2009) RBS Financials (2009) Company Announcements, www.investors.rbs.com, accessed: 25/01/10 Slater, S., and Ferreira-Marques, C. (2010) Hester refocuses RBS as assets go on block, www.reuters.com, accessed: 27/01/10 The Times (2009) Royal Bank of Scotland: the bank that sank, www.timesonline.co.uk (accessed 29/10/2009) Times Online (2008) RBS shareholders shun ?15bn rights issue, www.timesonline.co.uk. (accessed 31/10/2009) 10. APPENDIX 2005 2006 2007 2008 Revenue (?bn) ?25,569 ?28,002 ?31,115 ?31,413 Total Assets (?100 bn) ?7,768 ?8,714 ?19,005 ?24,017 PAT (?bn) ?5,558 ?6,497 ?7,712 -?34,542 RBS 2005 – 2008 Financials How to cite Free Finance Essay: Royal Bank of Scotland Crisis, Essays

Risk Management of Aviation Security an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

Risk Management of Aviation Security On September 11, 2001, airplanes hijacked by terrorists, slammed into the Twin Towers, the Pentagon, and crashed in a field. With the severity and tragic success of these terrorist conspiracies which claimed over 3,000 lives combines with the fear of another similar attack, has created a sense of urgency for increased airline security, including the use of lethal force (Emling, 2002). I believe had pilots been, armed terrorist would not have accessed the cockpit. Need essay sample on "Risk Management of Aviation Security" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The presence of Air Marshals on commercial airlines has increased from 50 to 1000s, since the September 11 attacks, pilots express the need of flying armed along with the Air Marshals. Arming pilots with handguns has become the most popular concept for implementing airline security, especially among the pilots (Rider, 2003). Although pilots already bear the enormous responsibility of safely flying the airplane, assigning them the additional responsibility of carrying a firearm, and maintaining security is the only immediate, practical solution to secure aircraft, which do not have a reinforced cockpit door and multiple air marshals aboard (Irvine, 2002). Pilots have the responsible for operating and landing the plane, and the safety of crew and passengers. Armed pilots will help increase the safety of passengers, and crewmembers (Plante, 2009). The Air Marshals program has created an elite group of highly-trained aviation security professionals who work in teams and in very close co-ordination with airlines and flight crews (St. Johns,1991). Many concerns about arming pilots or letting them carry guns, but armed pilots actually have a much easier job than Air Marshals. An armed marshal in a crowded cabin is attacked from any direction he or she must be able to quickly distinguish innocent civilians from terrorists. An armed pilot only needs to concern himself with the people trying to force their way into the cockpit. It is also much easier to defend a position such as the cockpit, than to have to pursue the terrorist and physically subdue them, as a marshal would (Lott, 2003). The only way it would be possible to have armed pilots is if they were government employees of a government airline (Kince, 2002). Armed pilot is easily identifiable because he is always located in the cockpit and wears a uniform. For this reason alone, pilots should not be armed, and should never exit the cockpit (Wald, 2002). The September 11 terrorists were able to access the cockpit because the pilots are unarmed and unable to defend their cockpits. Exhibiting a strong deterrence on commercial aircraft by means of Federal Air Marshalls will be continually required. There is something about the possibility of looking down the barrel of a gun during an unauthorized opening of the cockpit door will keep a terrorist from repeating another 9/11 type event (Plante, 2009). Several disadvantages to pilots not being allowed to fly armed for example, terrorists could gain control of cockpit and take over the aircraft, insufficient training of pilots to fly armed, insufficient funding to place air marshals on all flights, and hijackers could overpower pilots and law enforcement and take guns from them. If airplanes had reinforced cockpit doors and have one or two Air Marshals on board every flight, this would meet the public demand for improved safety requirements. Until these measures are implemented airplanes can only be considered safe if the pilot is armed. Because of these serious implications, the feasibility of the proposed security measures must be considered (Lott, 2003). The Federal Air Marshal Service, a TSA agency that runs the armed-pilots program, reports that 85,000 to 90,000 pilots and crewmembers flying domestic passenger and cargo planes are eligible to carry a gun. That puts the number of armed pilots at about 9,500. The TSA projects the program to grow to 16.5% of eligible pilots by the year 2011 (Frank, 2005). While, doing the research for this paper I discovered All armed pilots are trained and deputized federal law enforcement officers. Airline pilots have been (re)armed for nearly five years now (Price, 2008), I honestly did not know pilots have been flying armed. References Emling, Shelley (2002) Ground Zero: The Solemn Salute Retrieved November 19, 2009 from The Plain Dealer. Frank, Thomas (2005) More than 10% of pilots allowed to fly armed Retrieved November 19, 2009 from USA TODAY Irvine, James M (2002) Pilots Need Guns for Protection Retrieved on November 19, 2009 from The Plain Dealer. Kince, Thomas (2002) Armed Pilots Mean Nationalized Airlines Retrieved November 19, 2009 from SuppressedNews.com

Robin Hood Essays - English-language Films, British Films, Merry Men

Robin Hood Essays - English-language Films, British Films, Merry Men Robin Hood Robin Hood, by Paul Creswick, is a story of great triumph. Many people know the myth of Robin Hood, but they do not know the life of Robin Hood. It is a good novel to read if the reader likes stories of a true legend. Also, it is a novel that deals with friendship, motivation, action, bravery, and love. The novel is primarily based on friendship. The friends that Robin makes and the camaraderie they share makes this a terrific book. Living in the forest, away from the law, they are all outlaws and they are all there for each other when trouble presents its self. One example is when one of the outlaws, Little John,is about to be hung, the rest of the crew risked life and limb to save his life. A few of the members even died trying to help Little John escape, but they all knew that was the meaning of friendship. When one of the outlaws was sick or wounded, someone always stayed with them and made sure he got better. With their friendship came trust. All of the outlaws knew that they could trust each other, no matter what the situation presented. If one of the outlaws went into the city to buy goods, the others knew that he would not run off with the money or tell the Sheriff where they were hiding. A good example of that is when Will Stutely had a falling out with the gang. He went and worked in the sheriff?s kitchen as a cook, and even though he had left the gang and was employed by the law, he still kept the hiding place secret and told noone the where abouts of Robin Hood. Another reason the novel is good to read is the motivation the gang has. Their primary motivator is freedom. Everything they do is to try to gain freedom from the crooked king. They live in caves throughout the woods and sleep on the hard ground because they are just glad to be free there. In the forest, they make their own laws and obide by them strictly. If someone does not obey the laws set by the gang, then they are kicked out of the forest and must live in the non-democratic city and give up their freedom. Once the gang leaves the forest though, they have no respect for any laws but their own. Their secondary motivator is money. They do not obtain money honestly. They rob the rich people that travel through the forest and give it to the people that are traveling through the forest that need it, as long as they promise to pay it back. An example from the book is where a Knight that owes a rich Bishop two hundred dollars is traveling through and meets Robin and the gang. After Robin tried to rob the Knight, the Knight tells him that he is poor and owes the Bishop money he had borrowed to feed his family. Robin gave the Knight the two hundred dollars that Robin had stole from the Bishop in the first place. The Knight took the money, but had to promise to pay it back in one year. So unlike the myth, Robin Hood did not give the poor people money, he loaned money. And if the person couldn?t pay it back, they couldn?t borrow it. But, that is how many of the people joined Robin?s gang. They wanted to be free of debt and obtain freedom, so they took the oath of friendship and were in the gang. If an action/adventure book is what a reader is looking for, I would have to say that few books compare with Robin Hood. From the opening page until the end, there is always something going on. On every walk Robin takes, he gets into a fight with somebody. A few words of disrespect towards Robin are spoken, and the sword is out. Usually, after the fight, Robin and his opponent become friends, and a new member of the gang is found. That is how Robin met Little John, and a few other members of the gang. All of the battles are narrated so perfectly, that the reader can

Historical SAT Percentiles New SAT 2016, 2017, and 2018

Historical SAT Percentiles New SAT 2016, 2017, and 2018 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you took the new SAT in 2016, 2017, or 2018, you might be wondering what percentile your score is in. Is a 700 on Math in 2016 the same as a 700 in Math in 2018? How much do percentile scores change from year to year? In this article, I'll explain what new SAT percentile scores are and how they've changed over time. I'll also provide percentiles for SAT combined and section scores for 2016, 2017, and 2018. What Are SAT Percentile Scores? Your SAT percentile score tells you how well you did compared to other students who took the SAT. If you scored in the 97th percentile, then you scored higher than 97% of the people who took the test. If you scored in the 50th percentile, you did better than 50% of the people who took the test. Every year, the College Board determines that year's SAT percentile scores based on how college-bound high school seniors that year scored on the SAT. The higher the percentile your SAT score is in, the better you scored compared to other high school seniors. Special Note: Nationally Representative Sample Percentiles vs. SAT User Percentiles On your score report, you'll see information about two different kinds of percentiles: Nationally Representative Sample Percentiles and SAT User Percentiles. For this article, when we talk about percentiles we'll be exclusively referring to SAT User Percentiles, which are based on only actual SAT scores of students in the classes of 2016-2018 who took the new SAT. Read this article to find out more about the differences between the two percentile types on your SAT score report. Do Percentile Scores Change? In the past, SAT scores stayed pretty much at the same percentile, year over year. For instance, on the old SAT, a score of 1880 was in the 87th percentile for 20, 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015. That SAT percentile scores haven't changed much over time is intentional- the whole idea behind the SAT scoring system is that colleges can know that a student who got a 1880 SAT score in 2010 performed about the same as a student who got a 1880 SAT score in 2006 or 2015. If an 1880 was in the 80th percentile in 2010 and the 95th percentile in 2015, the scores would be meaningless for comparison purposes on their own. Because the SAT in its current format has only been administered for a few years, however, new SAT scores aren't quite as tied to specific percentiles. As an example, a 1280 new SAT score was in the 83rd percentile in 2016, 86th percentile in 2017, and 84th percentile in 2018. The biggest differences changes in percentiles on the new SAT happened for students who scored between 860 and 1200, with the same score differing by as many as six percentile points between 2016 and 2018 (for instance, a 950 was in the 25th percentile in 2016 and 31st percentile in 2018). As the new SAT is administered to more students over more years, these differences will no doubt shrink, making it easier to compare the same scores. For now, though, if you're scoring in the 860-1200 range, you can expect the percentile of your score to shift by up to six percentile points compared to past years. How Should You Use This Info and Why Does It Matter? Because the same SAT scores have had such varying percentiles in the last couple of years, your percentile score is the easiest way to figure out how well you did on the SAT. If you scored higher than 50 percent of test-takers, then you're above average; if you scored higher than 75 percent of test-takers, then you did very well indeed. When you apply to college, however, you're not being compared to all students who took the SAT, but to all students who took the SAT and are applying to that school. To help students figure out how they stack up against past successful applicants, colleges usually publicly post 25th and 75th percentile scores of admitted students. If you want to be a competitive candidate for a school, your target SAT score should be around or above a school's 75th percentile score. On a section level, percentiles can help you put your scores in context. It might seem like you're doing about equally well on Evidence-Based Reading and Writing and Math if you get a 690 on ERW and a 640 on Math. However, a 690 ERW score is in the 93rd percentile, while a 640 Math score is in the 83rd percentile. Raising each section score by 100 points would raise your Math percentile ranking by 13 points and your ERW percentile ranking by only 6+ points. If you're thinking about retaking the SAT and trying to figure out where you should focus your studying efforts, your percentile scores can help identify how you can improve the most. Finally, percentile scores also tell us that a small increase in your composite score can have a large impact on your percentile score, particularly if you're scoring around or even a little below the middle of the pack. For instance, in 2018 an SAT score of 1050 was at the 49th percentile, but a score of 1210 was at the 76th. Increasing your score by just 160 points can take your score from below average to the top quarter of all SAT scores. Composite Score Percentiles, 2018, 2017, and 2016 SAT Composite Score 2018 Percentile 2017 Percentile 2016 Percentile 1600 99+ 99+ 99+ 1590 99+ 99+ 99+ 1580 99+ 99+ 99+ 1570 99+ 99+ 99+ 1560 99+ 99+ 99+ 1550 99+ 99+ 99+ 1540 99 99+ 99 1530 99 99+ 99 1520 99 99 99 1510 99 99 99 1500 99 99 98 1490 98 99 98 1480 98 99 98 1470 98 98 98 1460 97 98 97 1450 97 98 97 1440 96 97 96 1430 96 97 96 1420 95 96 95 1410 95 96 95 1400 94 95 94 1390 94 95 94 1380 93 94 93 1370 92 94 92 1360 92 93 91 1350 91 92 91 1340 90 91 90 1330 89 90 89 1320 88 90 88 1310 88 89 87 1300 87 88 86 1290 86 87 85 1280 84 86 83 1270 83 85 82 1260 82 83 81 1250 81 82 80 1240 80 81 78 1230 79 80 77 1220 77 78 76 1210 76 77 74 1200 74 76 72 90 73 74 71 80 72 73 69 70 70 71 67 60 68 69 65 50 67 68 64 40 65 66 62 30 63 64 60 20 62 63 58 10 60 61 57 00 58 59 55 1090 56 57 52 1080 54 55 50 1070 52 53 48 1060 51 51 46 1050 49 49 44 1040 47 47 42 1030 45 45 40 1020 43 43 38 1010 41 41 36 1000 39 40 34 990 37 38 32 980 36 36 30 970 34 34 29 960 32 32 27 950 31 31 25 940 29 29 24 930 27 27 22 920 26 26 20 910 24 24 19 900 23 22 18 890 21 21 16 880 20 19 15 870 18 18 14 860 17 17 13 850 15 15 12 840 14 14 830 13 13 10 820 12 12 9 810 8 800 10 9 7 790 9 8 7 780 8 8 6 770 7 7 5 760 6 6 4 750 5 5 4 740 4 4 3 730 4 4 3 720 3 3 2 710 3 3 2 700 2 2 2 690 2 2 2 680 1 1 1 670 1 1 1 660 1 1 1 650 1 1 1 640 1 1 1- 630 1- 1- 1- 620 1- 1- 1- 610 1- 1- 1- 600 1- 1- 1- 590 1- 1- 1- 580 1- 1- 1- 570 1- 1- 1- 560 1- 1- 1- 550 1- 1- 1- 540 1- 1- 1- 530 1- 1- 1- 520 1- 1- 1- 510 1- 1- 1- 500 1- 1- 1- 490 1- 1- 1- 480 1- 1- 1- 470 1- 1- 1- 460 1- 1- 1- 450 1- 1- 1- 440 1- 1- 1- 430 1- 1- 1- 420 1- 1- 1- 410 1- 1- 1- 400 1- 1- 1- Sources: SAT Understanding Scores 2016, SAT Understanding Scores 2017, SAT Understanding Scores 2018 Section Score Percentiles Evidence-Based Reading and Writing Score 2018 Percentile 2017 Percentile 2016 Percentile 800 99+ 99+ 99+ 790 99+ 99+ 99+ 780 99+ 99+ 99+ 770 99+ 99+ 99 760 99 99 99 750 99 99 99 740 98 98 98 730 97 98 97 720 97 97 96 710 96 96 95 700 94 95 94 690 93 94 92 680 92 92 91 670 90 91 89 660 88 89 86 650 86 87 84 640 84 85 81 630 81 82 78 620 78 79 75 610 75 77 72 600 72 73 69 590 69 70 66 580 66 67 63 570 63 64 60 560 59 60 56 550 56 57 52 540 52 53 49 530 49 49 45 520 45 46 42 510 42 42 38 500 38 39 35 490 35 35 31 480 31 32 28 470 28 28 25 460 25 25 22 450 22 22 20 440 19 19 17 430 16 16 15 420 14 14 13 410 12 400 9 10 9 390 8 8 7 380 6 6 6 370 4 5 5 360 3 4 3 350 2 3 3 340 2 2 2 330 1 1 1 320 1 1 1 310 1 1 1 300 1- 1 1- 290 1- 1- 1- 280 1- 1- 1- 270 1- 1- 1- 260 1- 1- 1- 250 1- 1- 1- 240 1- 1- 1- 230 1- 1- 1- 220 1- 1- 1- 210 1- 1- 1- 200 1- 1- 1- Sources: SAT Understanding Scores 2016, SAT Understanding Scores 2017, SAT Understanding Scores 2018 Math Score 2018 Percentile 2017 Percentile 2016 Percentile 800 99+ 99+ 99+ 790 99 99 99 780 98 99 98 770 98 99 98 760 97 98 98 750 96 97 97 740 96 97 96 730 95 96 95 720 94 95 95 710 93 94 94 700 92 94 92 690 91 92 91 680 89 91 89 670 88 89 88 660 86 88 87 650 85 86 86 640 83 84 83 630 81 82 81 620 79 81 79 610 77 78 76 600 75 76 73 590 72 73 70 580 69 70 67 570 66 67 64 560 64 65 60 550 61 61 57 540 57 58 53 530 53 54 49 520 49 49 45 510 44 45 40 500 40 40 34 490 37 37 30 480 34 34 27 470 31 32 24 460 28 29 21 450 25 25 18 440 22 22 16 430 20 20 14 420 17 17 12 410 15 14 10 400 13 12 8 390 10 7 380 9 8 5 370 7 7 4 360 6 5 3 350 4 4 3 340 3 3 2 330 2 2 1 320 1 1 1 310 1 1 1 300 1 1 1 290 1 1- 1- 280 1- 1- 1- 270 1- 1- 1- 260 1- 1- 1- 250 1- 1- 1- 240 1- 1- 1- 230 1- 1- 1- 220 1- 1- 1- 210 1- 1- 1- 200 1- 1- 1- Sources: SAT Understanding Scores 2016, SAT Understanding Scores 2017, SAT Understanding Scores 2018 What's Next? How do you compare to other students in your state? Find out with our regularly updated list of average SAT scores by state. Where does your SAT essay score fit into all this? Learn more about SAT essay scoring and what the average SAT essay score is here. Would you be able to score in a higher percentile on the ACT? We help you figure out if the ACT or SAT is a better test for you with this foolproof method. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Management 3000 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management 3000 - Term Paper Example However, achieving effective interpersonal skills is a process. The initial stage in the process of efficient interpersonal skills involves an individual’s understanding of self. It is common knowledge that, an individual cannot seek to understand others before effectively understanding self. After the individual has effectively understood self, the next stage involves understanding other individuals they work with. The next step involves understanding the team and its dynamics. Once an individual accomplishes these stages effectively, they are ready to manage and lead others in a workplace organization. In effect, the stages eventually lead to successful management and consequent productivity in the workplace. The journey to effectively achieving interpersonal skills starts with an individual developing self-awareness. Through self-awareness, an individual develops the ability to understand their own feelings, the reason for those feelings, and the impact of the feelings on their behavior (De Janasz, Dowd and Schneider 5). It is crucial to note that, feelings are crucial in guiding an individual to exhibit some reactions when they are in a situation. Case in point, in the movie Twelve Angry Men, one juror’s feelings about slum people as drunks and liars who fought all the time made him consider the suspect guilty since he was from the slum. In this case, the feeling about slum people this juror had, circumstantially led him to passing a guilty verdict without carrying out an effective and rational assessment of the evidence available. In a management career, self-realization and awareness are crucial and a manager should follow certain steps in order to achieve realization. The fundamental step towards the self-awareness process is creating a list of an individual’s strength. In effect, the individual should analyze and utilize these strengths in guiding their career

VALS SURVEY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

VALS SURVEY - Essay Example After identifying the innovators and experiencers as the VALS for this particular product, a proper decision should be made on exactly how to appeal to them (Christensen, 2011). First, to appeal to the innovators, I would like to recommend that the marketer should ensure that the commodity is made to be innovative and attractive. As self-actualized consumers, the experiences can only be lured to purchase the iPad if they are convinced that it is fine and appeal to their eyes. This is the only way through which they can perceive it as a product worth spending their money on (Kerin, 2012). On the other hand, to appeal to the experiencers, the marketer should ensure that the iPad is made to represent a creative, fashionable and novel product that depicts a self-expression idea. If it possesses such features, these consumers will consider it as the preferred commodity to purchase (Kotler & Keller, 2009). Experiencers are young consumers who heavily spend on fashionable products like iPad that suit their insatiable tastes for

Plagiarism and the Internet :: Cheating School Education Essays

Plagiarism and the Internet Herman Melville once stated, But it is better to fail in originality than to succeed in imitation. (http://koti.mbnet.fi/neptunia/creativity/origin1.htm 5). Thousands of Americans would assert that Melville was a very wise author, and even more would attest that they too believe that cheating is wrong; why is it then that over a century after his death, our society has become even more intent on plagiarizing the works of others? Frankly, as time has gone on, it has just become incredibly easy for people to plagiarize, especially now when ideas are so easily accessible on the internet. In order to truly understand this unauthorized use of others ¦Ãƒ  hard work, it is important to explore the idea of plagiarism, laws concerning plagiarism, and this new overwhelming abundance of information on the web. Foremost, plagiary is the use of another person or organization ideas, words, or creations without giving credit where it is due. Not only is plagiarism wrong, it is also on the rise. According to a study done in the Free Press in 1996, 58 percent of high school students admitted to having let another person copy their work in 1969, while twenty years later, 98 percent let someone else copy their work (http://www.plagiarism.org/plagiarism_stats.html 4). There is very likely a direct correlation between this outrageous increase and the increase in the availability of information on the web. Many students may even be plagiarists without knowing it! It is extremely easy to become lazy and forget to give credit where it is due by using citations in papers. Very often, students may also feel that they cannot word what an author has already said as well as it was said in the first place; therefore, they choose to just use the original author words without quoting correctl y, sometimes without giving the author any credit at all (http://www.umf.maine.edu/~library/plagiarism/what_is.html 4). Plagiarism is just as huge of a problem in schools as it is in the  ¡Ãƒ real world. ¡ÃƒÅ" Not only is the act of plagiary ethically wrong; it is also considered a very serious academic crime. Everyone knows that it is wrong to steal something from another person, but oftentimes people just don seem to want to lump plagiarism in the same category with other criminal acts.

Process Design Matrix OPS/571 Essay

When working for Swim World Inc. it was necessary to help customers in various situations. Customers would bring in their water from pools or spas to be tested and get advice on how best to keep them balanced. It was the duty of the sales representative or manager to help the customer with this important aspect of owning a pool or spa. If the customer had an older spa and was looking at the newer spas on display then the sales representative would inform the customer about the features of the newer spas and what the positive aspects of changing spas would be. The workforce at Swim World Inc. was very small due to the fact that it was a new store and not very well known in the small town it is in. The store was small and with two other stores in Wenatchee and Chelan it was very possible to run with just two people and weekly visits from the delivery crew and service/repair team. With these people coming in and out of the store regularly it was little wonder that the owner only came down from the Wenatchee store once a year to survey what is being done and give the two members of the store a pep talk to get them selling more spas, patio furniture, stoves, and lawn ornaments. This plus a commission on all big ticket items helped to keep the team motivated to make customers happy and move inventory. For the manufacturing process Papa Johns Pizza Delivery was chosen. This store is very well placed in the small town that it operates in. Located on a very busy street in Moses Lake it is centrally located and the whole town can be navigated within an easy ten minutes of the store. This allows the workers within the store to be very detail oriented. Assembling the pizza, cooking it and making sure there are no big bubbles in the dough when cooking is easily done. This makes it very pleasing to the eye and customers are less likely to complain. Drivers can take the completed pizza and deliver it within minutes of coming out of the oven. Hot fresh pizza made with quality ingredients lets Papa Johns Pizza be one of the most successful in the small town where two other big names in the pizza business are all located. Scheduling for Papa Johns Pizza is very carefully done. A shift lead opens the store in the morning to prep for the day to come. Two drivers are there to help open the store and delivery the first orders that come in to the location. Around 1pm in the afternoon the manger and two to three more drivers come in for the afternoon rush. On Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays there are anywhere from two to three drivers for every one inside person working. The evenings have at least a manager or assistant manager and a shift lead on the schedule with anywhere from one to three insiders plus five to six drivers on duty so that pizzas go out quickly and easily to keep customer complaints to a minimum. Both service and manufacturing businesses make sure that they keep customers happy and coming back to the business. Repeat business makes a company happy to hire more employees who adhere to the company’s motto of doing the best job possible for the customer. Scheduling and workforce are a necessary part of the business to make sure there is enough staff on hand to keep the customers from standing in line for a significant amount of time. This one-on-one approach assures customers that they are being put first and not just a pocket book of money.

The Death of a Moth Essay - 1759 Words

What started out as an ordinary day turned out to be one if the worst tragedies in the history of Bangladesh – the fire at Nimtoli in Dhaka. I sat in shock as I saw the news reports of the tragic incident showing numerous buildings on fire burning mercilessly, people running in havoc with no idea where loved ones are and yet others trapped inside the buildings, screaming, being burned alive. However, nothing seemed to have any effect on the ruthless fire which kept on burning, claiming as many lives as it could, turning a deaf ear to the desperate cries of hundreds of people. The blazing flames simply devoured everything in their path, burning them to ash. It finally subsided in the early hours of dawn, but the damage it left behind was†¦show more content†¦As suddenly as Woolf picked up a pencil to aid the moth, she â€Å"laid [it] down again† (386). She gave up trying to help the moth knowing that it was â€Å"useless to try to do anything† (386). â₠¬Å"[N]othing, [she] knew, had any chance against death† and hence she resigned without even trying to help the moth (386). Though Woolf designates death as the most powerful force of nature, she does not portray it as a violent force, surprisingly; rather she depicts death as being calm and peaceful, a force that ends life’s struggle - an appealing thought. Woolf describes the moth as â€Å"decently and uncomplainingly composed† at death, in an attempt, it seems, to suggest that death should actually be accepted willingly (386). What Woolf fails to acknowledge is the struggle that the moth put up against the force of death. Woolf unfortunately overlooks the fact that if death is a function of nature, then it is nature that dictates death and therefore it is nature that is the superior force. The idea of nature being the driving force of life is addressed by Roy Reed in his essay â€Å"Spring Comes to Hogeye†. In his essay, Reed describes an old man, Mr. So lenberger who was truly connected with nature. Even at the old age of eighty-six, he found in himself the energy to continue his gardening – his way of staying in touch with nature at all times. His ties to nature are further revealed as he disclosesShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of The Moth859 Words   |  4 Pages In her essay â€Å"The Death of the Moth†, Virginia Woolf depicts the struggle of life confronting death through the death of a moth. Woolf sees a moth flying in â€Å"a pleasant morning, mid-September, mild, benignant† (385). She uses this soft autumnal description of her morning to emphasize the beauty of life and the happiness one feels while being alive; however, she uses the moth to represent life itself and show its own struggles: â€Å" [the moth] tried to fly across...the window-pane†, but â€Å"he failed†Read MoreEssay Death of the Moth.1046 Words   |  5 PagesWoolf incorporates symbolism in her essay by describing the moth a s life and energy. So simple a form of the energy and taken a tiny bead of pure life and decking it as lightly as possible with down and feathers, had set it dancing and zig-zagging to show us the true nature of life quoted from the essay. Another way she incorporates symbolism is by describing the months journey to death. Woolf also describes the scenery, the horses, and the farm itself. The month had traveled from one windowsillRead MoreDeath Of A Moth Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Land Ethic† vs â€Å"The Death of the Moth† Marlee Matlin once said,â€Å"The Earth does not belong to us: We belong to the Earth.† In Aldo Leopold’s essay, â€Å"The Land Ethic†, there are several overwhelming examples that illustrate why we as humans would believe we own the Earth when we really don’t. Paradoxically, looking at Virginia Woolf’s work, â€Å"The Death of a Moth†, one would come to believe that none of that matters because all living beings will suffer the fate of death. However, both works showRead MoreRhetorical Devices In The Death Of The Moth1224 Words   |  5 Pagesattempt to avoid death, and many times those people are successful; however, more often than not, when people face the predicament of dying, they are not fortunate enough to escape the misfortune. Whether a person surpasses the curse of death at one point in time, eventually they will come to meet death; death is inevitable. Virginia Woolf, author of the essay, â€Å"The Death of the Moth,† cap tures the message death is inevitable. Throughout the essay, Woolf follows the short life of a day moth. In followingRead MoreThe Death Of The Moth And The Sixth Extinction?1647 Words   |  7 Pagesbranches once more. Picking decomposing bats off of the ground while amidst giant icicles, some with dead flittermice trapped half-within. Virginia Woolf’s â€Å"The Death of the Moth† and Elizabeth Kolbert’s â€Å"The Sixth Extinction?† both present the common theme of the death of animals. Specifically, they share the use of the presentation of the death of animals, and vivid imagery to accompany it. There are many differences between the two essays, especially regarding matters such as voice, tone, and the intendedRead MoreVirginia Woolf - the Death of the Moth705 Words   |  3 PagesBattle between Life and Death Our existence is the battle between life and death. We face it everywhere; in people’s eyes’ and behavior, in the motions of the creatures that surround us and in the nature that somehow dies in the winter and gets a new life in spring. This battle is impossible to remain unnoticed because it is simply the way of life. In Virginia Woolf’s essay â€Å"The Death of the Moth†, she writes about a moth that is trying to get ‘a new life’ by going through the windowpaneRead More The Death of the Moth by Virginia Woolf Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesThe Death of the Moth by Virginia Woolf The Death of the Moth, written by Virginia Woolf, explains the brief life of a moth corresponding with the true nature of life and death. In this essay, Woolf puts the moth in a role that represents life. Woolf makes comparisons of the life outside to the life of the moth. The theme is the mystery of death and the correspondence of the life of the moth with the true nature of life. The images created by Woolf are presented that appeal to the eye. Read More The Death of the Moth by Virginia Woolf Essay761 Words   |  4 Pages‘The Death of the Moth† by Virginia Woolf   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Death is a difficult subject for anyone to speak of, although it is a part of everyday life. In Virginia Woolf’s â€Å"The Death of the Moth†, she writes about a moth flying about a windowpane, its world constrained by the boundaries of the wood holding the glass. The moth flew, first from one side, to the other, and then back as the rest of life continued ignorant of its movements. At first indifferent, Woolf was eventually moved to pity the moth. ThisRead MoreEssay about The Death of the Moth Analysis1518 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Death of the Moth† Analysis Life is a constant struggle against the ever present chill of death. Fear, betrayal, and cowardice all stems from life’s distaste of death. Human beings naturally rebuke the unknown, so it is only logical that people fight the inevitability of death. However, most people are ignorant of the reality of one day dying, prompting writer Virginia Woolf to write the essay, â€Å"The Death of the Moth†, in order to convey the frailty of life whilst also showing the awesomeRead MoreDeath Of A Moth By Annie Dillard Analysis917 Words   |  4 PagesIn the excerpt, Death of a Moth, by Annie Dillard, she attempts to overcome her writers block by getting away from it all and taking a trip into the Mountains of Virginia. While taking time off, she intends to spiritually find her true self again and get back on a successful track. Only by using concrete imagery, drawing a strong parallel, and meticulously selecting a certain word choice to create points of clarity, is she able to e ffectively convey her inner struggle. Dillard effectively uses